Areawide management of fruit fly pests crc press book. The use of sit is forecast to increase over the next decade. The technique was also celebrated by rachel carson in her 1962 book silent. As part of the of environmentallyfriendly control tactics, the sterile insect technique sit has proven to be a very effective tool pest management. It is effective only if the sexually sterile males are aggressive and successfully compete with wild males in searching for and mating with indigenous females. Field trials in the 1970s and 1980s demonstrated that the sit could also be made to work against mosquitoes, even with the technology then available lofgren et al. Sterileinsect methods for control of mosquitoborne. The principles and dynamics involved in the sterile insect technique i massrearing ii sterilization iii release iv dynamics 3. The released insects are preferably male, as this is more costeffective and the females may in some situations cause damage by laying eggs in the crop, or, in the case of mosquitoes, taking blood from humans. The sterile insect technique sit is the ideal tool to complement efforts to eliminate beachheads of alien insect invasions. Fruit flies and the sterile insect technique book, 1994. Pdf sterile insect technique principles and practice in. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly method of pest control that integrates well into areawide integrated pest management awipm programmes. The concept of sterile insect technique sit fruitfly.
Genetically engineered moths stop wild counterparts from. A first of its kind, this book takes a generic, comprehensive, and global approach in. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly method of pest control that. Reproductive sterility is normally induced by ionizing radiation, a convenient and consistent method that maintains a reasonable degree. Rearing codling moth for the sterile insect technique. Pdf about this book the sterile insect technique sit is an environment friendly method of pest control that integrates well into areawide. The sit can be defined as a control tactic that uses areawide inundative releases of sterile insects.
Standard guide for dosimetry for sterile insect release. Sterile insect technique or sit uses the first definition. Sterile insect supply, emergence, and release297 r. Food and agriculture organization of the united nations. Sterile insect technique principles and practice in area. An increased role is foreseen for the use of sit in suppression of alien invasive species, which will help fao and iaea member states. Suksom chinvinijkul, wanitch limohpasmanee, thanat chanket, alongkot uthaitanakit, puttipong phopanit. Combining sterile and incompatible insect techniques for. However, the use of sit in african settings has been criticised on ecological.
The sterile insect technique sit is a method of biological insect control, whereby overwhelming numbers of sterile insects are released into the wild. However, a number of political, economic, and biological factors interact to determine the actual feasibility of the technology on an insect by insect basis. Use of the sterile insect technique against aedes albopictusin italy. Because these sterile males vastly outnumber their wild brothers, the majority of females will mate with them and thus produce no offspring. Pdf environment and the sterile insect technique researchgate. Cayol jp, hendrichs j, enkerlin w, et al 2002 the sterile insect technique. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly method of pest control that integrates. Monitoring sterile and wild insects in areawide integrated pest. Since then, strategic deployment of sterile flies has been used effectively in many localesmost recently, northern africato protect vast areas from the horrific screwworms predations. The sterile insect technique sit uses a huge army of infertile male insects as a weapon against their own species.
Purchase genetic control of insect pests 1st edition. Sterile insect technique principles and practice in areawide integrated pest management. Diamondback moth project at cornell university faq the. The development and application of the sterile insect. A first of its kind, this book takes a generic, comprehensive, and global. During the 1930s and 1940s the idea of releasing insects of pest species to introduce sterility sterile insect technique or sit into wild populations, and thus control them, was independently conceived in three extremely diverse intellectual environments. Principles and practice in areawide integrated pest management. An areawide management programme for codling moth, cydia pomonella, has employed the sit and other management practices over a large area 3395 to 7331. Wild female insects inseminated by released, radiationsterilized males do not reproduce, and repeated releases of the sterilized insects lead to a reduction in pest population numbers.
Chapter 23 use of the sterile insect technique in an areawide approach to establish a fruit flylow prevalence area in thailand. Panelists answer audience questions collected both online and in person. The sterile insect technique is the first involving insect genetics for population control, and it can be applied only to pest species that reproduce by sexual means. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly pest control method that fits into areawide integrated pest management awipm programmes. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentally friendly method for the biological control of pests using areawide inundative release of sterile insects to reduce reproduction in a field population of the same species ippc, 2007. The sterile insect technique sit, involving the release of artificially reared sterile males, offers an environmentally friendly option for tsetse control and has been used successfully to eliminate tsetse from unguja island, zanzibar vreysen et al. Jorge hendrichs, alan robinson, in encyclopedia of insects second edition, 2009. This book is a continuation of the development of the sterile insect technique sit specifically designed for use against, and management of, fruit flies. Maini3 1medical and veterinary entomology department, centro agricoltura ambiente g. Sterile insect technique principles and practice in areawide. Tony shelton of cornell university gives an overview of the sterile insect technique used to target pest insects, as well as a summary of his 2015 diamondback moth research and a description of his planned experiments for 2017. Examines the latest developments in the sterile insect technique sit specifically designed to control fruit flies. It is a challenge to bring together all relevant information about the sterile insect technique sit and its application in areawide integrated pest management aw ipm programmes. Fruit flies and the sterile insect techniquenook book.
Management or eradication of insect pests by sterile insect technique sit depends upon overflooding the pest population with sterile insects. Sit technique may be applied as part of an areawide control integrated pest management approach of insects of medical, veterinary, and agricultural. Currently, ipm is a robust paradigm of pest control around the globe. Boosting the sterile insect technique with a biocide increases its. Several factors indicate an increased use of the sit against fruit flies within the next decade. About this book the sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly method of pest control that integrates well into areawide integrated pest management awipm programmes. Many important insects can now be routinely transformed with effectors that have useful applications. A first of its kind, this book takes a generic, comprehensive, and global approach in describing the principles and practice of the sit. Sterile insect technique an overview sciencedirect topics. Principles and practice in areawide integrated pest management editors. The advent of novel genetic methods has led to renewed interest in the sterile insect technique sit for management of insect pests, owing to applications in mass rearing and in the production of sterile offspring without use of irradiation. Large numbers of male insects are reared in the lab, and then made infertile unab. One of the main applications of ionizing radiations in entomology is the production of sterile insects by the sterile insect technique sit.
The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly pest control. Pdf sterile insect technique principles and practice in areawide. The sterile insect technique is an environmentallyfriendly insect pest control method involving the massrearing and sterilization, using radiation, of a target pest, followed by the systematic areawide release of the sterile males by air over defined areas, where. The technology has expanded rapidly additional target species, new rearing techniques, studies on genetics and insect behaviour, and especially integration into operational areawide integrated pest management awipm programmes. Enkerlin insect pest control section, joint faoiaea division of nuclear techniques in food and agriculture, department of nuclear applications, international. Agriculture presents the largest market for transgenic insects and has a foundational history of success with sterile insect technique for control of pests including mediterranean fruit flies and screwworms. To be applied against any pest, the sit requires colonization and mass rearing of the target insect at reasonable cost, the sterilization of large numbers of the reared insects by ionizing irradiation using gamma or x. Innovative tactical methods such as sterile insect technique sit, incompatible insect technique. It is not a standalone technology, but should be integrated with other pest management technologies, such as bait application and sanitation, in an areawide programme.
This book describes the principles and practice of sit, frankly evaluating its strengths and weaknesses, successes and failures. The sterile insect technique as a component of sustainable areawide integrated pest management of selected horticultural insect pests marc j. The sterile insect technique sit is a method of biological insect control, whereby. The strengths and weaknesses, and successes and failures, of the sit are evaluated openly. Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on the alternative control methods against plant pests and diseases. Principles and practice in area wide integrated pest management. The technology has expanded rapidly additional target species. The sterile insect technique sit is a biologically based method for the control of key insect pests. The sterile insect technique sit 1 is a method of pest insect control with a strong record of success against a range of agricultural pest insects dyck et al.
The use of the sterile insect technique sit is a very attractive method of controlling insect pests worldwide because if its environmentally friendly methodology. Insects free fulltext twentyfive years of research. Bushland had developed a way of massrearing screwworms by the late 1930s. Usda aphis a short history of the screwworm program. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly method of pest control that integrates well into areawide integrated pest. Advances and challenges of using the sterile insect.
Large numbers of reproductively sterile irradiated insects are released into an area where a wild target population of the same species exists. History of the sterile insect technique springerlink. Since sit practitioners tend to operate in the context of only one insect pest species, it was also a challenge for authors to develop and write their. Pdf about this book the sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly method of pest control that integrates well into areawide. Boosting the sterile insect technique with low doses of biocides transported by sterilised males could improve control of mosquitoborne. The sterile insect technique sit is an environmentfriendly pest control technique with application in the areawide integrated control of key pests, including the suppression or elimination of introduced populations and the exclusion of new introductions. The sterile insect technique is an environmentallyfriendly insect pest control method involving the massrearing and sterilization, using radiation, of a target pest, followed by the systematic areawide release of the sterile males by air over defined areas, where they mate with wild females resulting in no offspring and a declining pest population. The sterile insect technique sit is arguably the most ecologicallycompatible means of pest control in existence. Ever the visionary, knipling believes that the sterile fly technique can be a successful management tool for many other insects of economic importance.